Short Final

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Ground-Controlled Approach (GCA) issues precise, small navigational adjustments to an aircraft.
  • The aircraft (NXXXX) has the ability to refuse a GCA instruction.
  • Upon refusal, GCA provides an alternative, potentially more complex, sequence of maneuvers to guide the aircraft.
See a mistake? Contact us.

GCA Approach:
“NXXXX, turn right one degree.”

NXXXX:
“No can do.”

CGA Approach:
“Well, then — turn left two degrees, then right three degrees.”


Jack Dennehey

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